Advances in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of intracranial venous sinus thrombosis / 中国医师进修杂志

Intracranial venous sinus thrombosis is a special type of cerebral vascular disease. It usually originates from the later period of wasting disease, brain trauma, puerperium, blood disease, heart disease, eye/nasal/facial infection, meningitis and septicemia. It occurs in different age and sex. Infants, young children, frail elderly people, postpartum women, chronic disease patients are prone to be affected.Because of lacking of typical clinical manifestations, the clinical diagnosis and treatment of this disease is difficult and easily leading to misdiagnosis and mistreatment, which affects the prognosis of the patients.Because of lacking of standardized diagnosis and treatment strategy, different methods are needed. According to the proceeding reports, we reviewed the current progress of the diagnosis and treatment of intracranial venous sinus thrombosis.

Current Status of Neuromodulatory Therapies for Disorders of Consciousness / 神经科学通报·英文版

Treatment for disorders of consciousness (DOCs) is still a Gordian knot. Evidence-based guidelines on the treatment of DOC patients are not currently available, while neuromodulation techniques are seen as a potential treatment. Multiple neuromodulation therapies have been applied. This article reviews the most relevant studies in the literature in order to describe a clear picture of the current state of neuromodulation therapies that could be used to treat DOC patients. Both invasive and non-invasive brain stimulation is discussed. Significant behavioral improvements in prolonged DOCs under neuromodulation therapies are rare. The efficacy of various such therapies remains a matter of debate. Further clinical investigations of existing techniques in larger samples properly controlling for spontaneous recovery are needed, and new approaches are awaited.

Microsurgical management of petroclival meningiomas combined trans-subtemporal and suboccipital retrosigmoid keyhole approach / 北京大学学报(医学版)

Objective:With the development of modern skull base minimally invasive technology mature and neural radio surgery techniques,it is necessary to re-examine the therapeutic strategy for the treat-ment of petroclival meningiomas.To sum up the operative experience and methods in microsurgical resec-tion of petroclival meningiomas by the combining trans-subtemporal and suboccipital retrosigmoid keyhole approach.To explore the minimally invasive operation approach of petroclival meningiomas,to raise the removal degree and to improve the postoperative result using this approach.Methods:The clinical data of the consecutive 21 patients with the petroclival meningiomas were reviewed retrospectively.The meth-od,degree of tumor resection,techniques of the combining keyhole approach,Karnofsky performance score (KPS)before and after operation were also analyzed.The neuronavigation guided operation was performed in 9 cases,and 12 cases were operated in the neuroelectrophysiological monitoring.Results:Total excision of the tumor resection (Simpson,Ⅰ -Ⅱlevels)was conducted in 18 cases (85.7%,18 /21),and 3 patients underwent close resection (Simpson Ⅲ level,14.3%,3 /21).Postoperative three-dimensional CT showed good lock bone flap restoration;Postoperative pathology confirmed meningioma. Postoperative cranial nerve dysfunction or new original nerve dysfunction were aggravated in 5 cases (23.8%),including transient trochlear nerve (3 cases),abducent nerve (1 case),and the motor branch of trigeminal nerve paralysis (1 case).Abducent nerve paralysis (1 case)appeared,with hearing impairment.After the 3-month follow-up,11 cases had the same KPS aspreoperation,7 cases improved,and 3 cases not improved.The KPS score was 77.14 ±23.12 on average,and there was no statistically significant difference compared with that before operation (P >0.05 ).The postoperative follow-up for half a year showed fluent speaking and writing in 19 cases (KPS 70 or higher),and general recovery in 2 cases (KPS <70).The postoperative follow-up for 3 -29 months showed no tumor recur-rence or progress.Conclusion:The combining trans-subtemporal and suboccipital retrosigmoid keyhole approach is simple,safe,and minimally invasive,and an ideal operation approach of petroclival menin-gioma.To master the operation skills and the intraoperative matters needing attention in the operation,is favorable to improve the resection rate and curative effect.

Mechanical thrombectomy with the Solitaire AB device in acute ischemic stroke of posterior circulation: a series of 17 cases / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the efficacy and safety of mechanical thrombectomy with the Solitaire AB device in recanalization of patients with acute ischemic stroke of posterior circulation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The clinical data of 17 consecutive patients with acute ischemic stroke of posterior circulation, treated with the Solitaire AB device from August 2011 to August 2015 in Department of Neurosurgery, the Military General Hospital of Beijing People's Liberation Army, were extracted and then retrospectively analyzed. There were 12 male and 5 female patients with a median age of 60 years (ranging from 44 to 75 years). Among them, 8 cases occluded in basilar artery, 4 cases occluded in vertebral artery and 5 cases occluded in vertebral plus basilar artery. Recanalization rate as well as complications after treatment were analysized. Also, neurological functions of the patients before and after treatment, measured by National Institute of Health stroke scale (NIHSS) score, were compared via t test and the clinical outcomes were assessed by modified Rankin score (mRS) at 90 days after treatment.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Fifteen patients resulted in successfully recanalization, and 2 cases failed both of whose onset to sheath time were above 7.5 hours. The NIHSS score at 7 days was 11±10, which was significantly decreased compared to the admission NIHSS score 17±5 (t=2.949, P=0.009). No symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage case was found after thrombectomy. At 90 days, one patient died(mRS 6), one patient seriously disabled (mRS 5), two patients moderately seriously disabled (mRS 4), four patients resulted in moderate outcome (mRS 3) and the other 9 patients achieved good outcome (mRS 0 to 2). The dead and seriously disabled cases were both due to failure in recanalization. Two moderately seriously disabled cases were probably attributed to their severe admission condition (NIHSS >20) and prolonged time (onset to sheath time >6 hours).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Mechanical thrombectomy with the Solitaire AB device contributes to a high rate of recanalization with a low probability of complication and improves functional outcome in patients with acute ischemic stroke of posterior circulation.</p>

Impaired Voluntary Wheel Running Behavior in the Unilateral 6-Hydroxydopamine Rat Model of Parkinson's Disease

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate voluntary wheel running behavior in the unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) rat model. METHODS: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned to 2 groups : 6-OHDA group (n=17) and control group (n=8). The unilateral 6-OHDA rat model was induced by injection of 6-OHDA into unilateral medial forebrain bundle using a stereotaxic instrument. Voluntary wheel running activity was assessed per day in successfully lesioned rats (n=10) and control rats. Each behavioral test lasted an hour. The following parameters were investigated during behavioral tests : the number of running bouts, the distance moved in the wheel, average peak speed in running bouts and average duration from the running start to the peak speed. RESULTS: The number of running bouts and the distance moved in the wheel were significantly decreased in successfully lesioned rats compared with control rats. In addition, average peak speed in running bouts was decreased, and average duration from the running start to the peak speed was increased in lesioned animals, which might indicate motor deficits in these rats. These behavioral changes were still observed 42 days after lesion. CONCLUSION: Voluntary wheel running behavior is impaired in the unilateral 6-OHDA rat model and may represent a useful tool to quantify motor deficits in this model.

Effect of over-expressed miR-155 on inhibiting C2C12 myogenic differentiation / 生物工程学报

To clarify the function and molecular mechanism of miR-155 in myogenic differentiation of C2C12, we constructed adenovirus over-expression vector of miR-155, then C2C12 cells were infected by adenovirus and induced myogenic differentiation. First, we observed the morphology of C2C12 after differentiation. Then the mRNA and protein expressions of myogenic markers (MyoD, MyoG and MyHC) were detected by qPCR and western blotting. Subsequently, the dual luciferase reporter gene assay was carried out to validate putative target gene (TCF4) of miR-155. Meanwhile, mRNA level of TCF4 was analyzed after over-expressing miR-155. The results show that over-expressed miR-155 reduced myotubes formation. Moreover, the mRNA and protein expression of MyoG and MyHC decreased significantly (P < 0.01). Further research demonstrated miR-155 bound the one (4532-4538) of three putative sites (1487-1493,1516-1522, 4532-4583) of TCF4 by luciferase reporter gene assay and the mRNA level of TCF4 decreased notably (P < 0.05). The data suggest that miR-155 inhibited myogenic differentiation of C2C12 through targeted TCF4.

Mechanism of the Rpn13-induced activation of Uch37

Uch37 is a de-ubiquitinating enzyme that is activated by Rpn13 and involved in the proteasomal degradation of proteins. The full-length Uch37 was shown to exhibit low iso-peptidase activity and is thought to be auto-inhibited. Structural comparisons revealed that within a homo-dimer of Uch37, each of the catalytic domains was blocking the other's ubiquitin (Ub)-binding site. This blockage likely prevented Ub from entering the active site of Uch37 and might form the basis of auto-inhibition. To understand the mode of auto-inhibition clearly and shed light on the activation mechanism of Uch37 by Rpn13, we investigated the Uch37-Rpn13 complex using a combination of mutagenesis, biochemical, NMR, and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) techniques. Our results also proved that Uch37 oligomerized in solution and had very low activity against the fluorogenic substrate ubiquitin-7-amino-4-methylcoumarin (Ub-AMC) of de-ubiquitinating enzymes. Uch37Δ(Hb,Hc,KEKE), a truncation removal of the C-terminal extension region (residues 256-329) converted oligomeric Uch37 into a monomeric form that exhibited iso-peptidase activity comparable to that of a truncation-containing the Uch37 catalytic domain only. We also demonstrated that Rpn13C (Rpn13 residues 270-407) could disrupt the oligomerization of Uch37 by sequestering Uch37 and forming a Uch37-Rpn13 complex. Uch37 was activated in such a complex, exhibiting 12-fold-higher activity than Uch37 alone. Time-resolved SAXS (TR-SAXS) and FRET experiments supported the proposed mode of auto-inhibition and the activation mechanism of Uch37 by Rpn13. Rpn13 activated Uch37 by forming a 1:1 stoichiometric complex in which the active site of Uch37 was accessible to Ub.

Clinical effect of Baquting on bleeding control in neurosurgery / 中国综合临床

Objective To investigate the hemostatic effect and influence on coagulation function of hemecongulase during neurosurgical operation.Methods Sixty patients with neurosurgical trauma at American statistical association(ASA) Ⅰ-Ⅱ were randomly divided into hemocoagnlase treatment group (n =30) and control group(n =30).Both two group were injected Baquting 2U at the day before the operation,30 min before the operation,every two day after the operation and end up 3 d.Treatment group were pedormed with Baqyting 4 U + physiological saline 10 ml topical spraying.The intelligibility of operating region,the volume of intraoperative,the volume of bleeding during the operation,transfusion of blood,postoperative drainage,and drainage tube exelcymosis time were recorded in all the patients.Prothrombin time (PT),activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT),fibrinogen level(FIB),fibrinogen degradation product(FDP) and the two D-dimer and platelet count(PLT) before and after the surgery were also determined.All the patients were postoperatively followed up.Results The intelligibility of operating region was 70.0％ (21/30) in the hemocoagnlase treatment group,higher than that in control group (0％,P ＜0.05).The volume of bleeding during the operation in the hemecoagulase treatment group was (680.00 ± 95.22) ml,significantly fewer than that in the control group((790.00 ±47.00) ml,P =0.034).PLT significantly decreased after the surgery in both of the groups compare to that in preoperation (P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜ 0.01) and no significant difference was seen between two groups (P ＞ 0.05).No severe adverse events were found in both groups.Conclusion Hemocoagulase treatment during the operation can improve the intelligibility of operating region,reduce the volume of bleeding and transfusion of blood,and do not affect the coagulation function in the patients.Therefore,hemocoagulase is a safe and effective hemostatic and through local application during the operation it can improve curative effect.

Hyper-early embolotherapy in treatment of intracranial ruptured aneurysm / 中国医师进修杂志

Objective To explore the clinical efficacy and safety of hyper-early embolotherapy in treatment of intracranial ruptured aneurysm.Methods A retrospective analysis was made on 33 patients with intracranial ruptured aneurysm.Preoperative Hunt-Hess grade:grade Ⅰ-Ⅱ in 16 patients,gradeⅢin 5 patients,grade Ⅳ in 9 patients,grade Ⅴ in 3 patients.All patients were confirmed with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) by angiography and then underwent embolization under general anesthesia by detachable coils within 6 h from onset.Results After operation,25 patients (75.8％) recovered well,4 patients (12.1％) were with mild disability with paralysis and aphasia,4 patients (12.1％) were dead (1 patient for intraoperative aneurysm rupture,1 patient for postoperative pneumonia,1 patient for infection of hematoma at puncture site and 1 patient for postoperative gastrointestinal bleeding).Followed up 1-6 months,no rebleeding occurred.Conclusions Hyper-early embolotherapy could avoid rebleeding of the aneurysm,and relieve the vasespasm,without increasing the intra-operative rebleeding rate.Moreover hyper-early embolotherapy could greatly decrease the mortality of poor-grade SAH patients.

Observation of blood fat in patients with cerebral infarction complicated by metabolic syndrome receiving community path intervention treatment / 中国医师进修杂志

Objective To explore the changes of blood fat in patients with cerebral infarction complicated by metabolic syndrome (MS) receiving community path intervention treatment.Methods A total of 116 cases of cerebral infarction complicated by MS were selected and given comprehensive intervention treatment after risk assessment.Patients were divided into intervention group (60 cases) and control group (56 cases) according to their difference in compliance.Results After intervention,the total cholesterol (TC),triglyceride (TG) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in two groups were significantly decreased,high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was significantly increased.There were significant differences in intervention group before and after intervention (P＜ 0.05).Compared with those in control group,differences of all index in each time point in intervention group were statistically significant (P ＜0.05).There was no significant difference in carotid plaque integral before intervention between two groups (P＞ 0.05).The carotid plaque integral 12 and 24 months after intervention in intervention group was significantly lower than that before intervention (P ＜ 0.05).The carotid plaque integral 12 and 24 months after intervention in intervention group was significantly lower than that in control group [(3.20 ± 2.01) cm vs.(4.71 ±2.87) cm,(2.98 ±2.61) cm vs.(4.60 ±2.43) cm,P＜0.05].Twelve and 24 months after intervention in intervention group,TC and carotid plaque integral was significantly positive correlation (r =0.304 and 0.317,P ＜ 0.05),TG and carotid plaque integral was significantly positive correlation (r =0.229 and 0.128,P ＜ 0.05),LDL-C and carotid plaque integral was significantly positive correlation (r =0.654 and 0.518,P ＜ 0.05),and HDL-C and carotid plaque integral was significantly negative correlation (r =-0.495 and-0.528,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion For patients of cerebral infarction complicated by MS,great importance should be attached to early prevention and control of their major components so as to reduce the incidence of acute cerebrovascular recurrence and mortality.

The initial application of 3.0T high field intensity intraoperative magnetic resonance for cranial tumor / 中国医师进修杂志

Objective To study the initial application of 3.0T high field intensity intraoperative magnetic resonance(iMR)for cranial tumors.Methods Forty-three patients with cranial tumors including 23 glioma cases,12 pituitary tumor cases,3 brain stem cavernous hemangioma cases,2 meningioma cases,2metastatic tumor cases,1 neurilemmoma case,received operation examined with GE Signa HDX 3.0T iMR system.The operation process and influence of iMR were reviewed.Results In 43 patients,average iMR examination was 1.3(1-3)times.In 16 patients the first iMR examination revealed tumor remnants,and in 13 of them continued surgical interventions and complete resection.The rate of complete resection was increased from 63％(27/43)to 93％(40/43).No complications related to iMR occurred.Conclusion 3.0T high field intensity iMR can provide accurate positioning and real-time navigation for the surgery,increase the rate of complete resection,improve the accuracy and safety of cranial tumor resection,and decrease complications.

Pre-hospital analysis of death factors and management on 62 cases treatment of severe traffic accident trauma / 中国医师进修杂志

Objective To explore the method and management of pre-hospital care and raise the level of traffic injuries in pre-hospital care by summarizing the clinical features of death patients with severe tragic accident trauma Methods The basic data of 62 death patients with severe traffic accident trauma was analyzed according to death report statistics of severe traffic accident trauma from January 1st,2005 to December 31th,2008 Results Brain injury death accounted for most of traffic accident trauma death.The mortality rate of brain injury in the wounded wag 8.28%(13/157),but of asphyxia and hemorrhagic shock was 2.55%(4/157),3.18%(5/157)respectively in 2005.With the development of treatment and rescued in time, the mortality rate reduced to 6.11%(11/180),0,0.56%(1/180)in 2008.Conclesions It should be trying to shorten the time of pre-hospital care for pafients with trsffic accident trauma,especially in patients combined with hemorrhagic shock,asphyxia,severe brain injury.It is concluded that rapid and effective pre-hospital care can significantly reduce death rate and self-help or each other rescue training would also be effective to reduce mortality.

Prevention and cure of intracranial infections following posterior fossa craniotomy / 中国医师进修杂志

Objective For decreasing the infected rate,the prevention and cure methods of intracranial infections following posterior fossa craniotomy were study. Methods Twenty-eight patients with the intracranial infections following posterior fossa craniotomy were examined by lumbar puncture,and analyzed cerebrospinal fluid with routine examination and reference to the bacteriological data and drug sensitive tests. All the patients were treated with high dosage sensitive antibiotics, and draining continually the infected cerebrospinal fluid by lumbar puncture catheterization and injected small dosages of antibiotics into intraspinal for most cases. Results Twenty-eight patients had intracranial hypertension by lumbar puncture examination, outcome of cerebrospinal fluid culture indicated that 17 cases had bacteria growth and 11 cases had no bacteria. The intracranial infection was controlled effectively,and 96.4%(27 cases) were cured, 1 case dead of systemic failure. Conclusions Strict aseptic techniques,reduce operative time,decrease intracranial place of foreign matters, such as gelfoam, hemostatic gauze and artificial implants, could reduce the possibilities of intracranial infections. Appropriate antibiotics selection,lumbar puncture catheterization and intraspinal administration of antibiotics can cure intracranial infections effectively.

Comparison of analgesic effect following different thalamotomy in rats / 中国神经精神疾病杂志

Background To provide clinical evidence for ablative application by comparison of the analgesic effect following different thalamotomy in rats.Methods Thirty rats were randomly assigned into sham and 4 thalamotomies groups: central medial thalamic nucleus ( CM), parafascicular thalamic nucleus ( PF), ventral posterolateral thalamic nucleus (VPL), and CM +Cigulum (cg). Two μL 10% phenol dissolved in glycerin were used for stereotactic thalamotomy. The thermal pain thresholds before and after procedures were evaluated with the tail stimulate test. The formalin test was carried out in an open field apparatus where the animal formalin-induced responses (licking duration, flexing duration, and flinching frequency of the injected paw) were recorded for 60 min.Results Changes of pain thresholds in all ablative groups were significantly higher than that in the sham group, especially it was higher in VPL group. Differences of the factor thalamotomy were found to be due to the shorter licking in the ablative groups than that in the sham group (P ＜0.01 ), whereas flexing duration and flinching frequency were only slightly affected by thalamotomy. Moreover, licking duration was lower in VPL group than in CM and CM + cg groups ( P ＜0.05), whereas nociceptive responses did not differ between the CM and CM+cg groups (P ＞0.05).Conclusions In acute period, CM, PF, VPL, CM + cg neurolysis all showed to elevate the thermal pain threshold and to reduce the pain-induced behavioral responses related to supraspinal neural circuits (licking of the injected paw). Among them, the damage of VPL might be the most active one. CM + cg damage did not get better antinociceptive effect than single CM ablation.

Construction and its significance of the multi-dimensional optimization training pattern for clinical medicine inter-disciplinary talents / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Aiming at present situation and difficult position of clinical medical education,and based on the demand goal of modern medicine,this paper put forward constucting the mul-ti-dimensional optimization training pattern for five-year system clinical medicine inter-disciplinary talents by renewing the education idea,adopting the curriculum reform,the quality regulation,the educational reform,the innovation of teaching methods,and the construction of community medi-cal service practice base and so on,which is of great significance to train the high quality tal-ented person with adaptability to social development.

Experience of Bilingual Teaching to Undergraduate Education at Medical University / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Bilingnal teaching has been practiced to undergraduate eduction at medical university.At the initial period,the bilingual teaching to undergraduate.eduction is not so acceptable for lack of the experionce,textbooks and insufficient commnication between teachers and students.This paper discussed the benefits and applience of bilinqual teahing to undergraduate eduction at ncedica university.

The Training and Application of Standardized Patients in Diagnostics / 中华医学教育探索杂志

The application of standardized patient SP is the tendency of medical education in China.The applied characteristics of using SP in diagnostics teaching were summarized in this article.We described the recruitment,training and application of SP in the teaching process of diagnostic.The great advantages of SP and its shortage were analysed,and our expectation of deepening SP was brought forward.

Establishment of a Mouse Model of Alzheimer Dementia / 医学研究杂志

Objective To establish a Alzheimer dementia(AD) model in mice. Methods The C57BL/6 mice were lesioned with ibotenic acid in Nucleus basalis of Meynert(NBM). Behavioral tests by eight-arm radial maze were conducted 8 weeks, and immunohistochemical staining of choline acetyltransferase(ChAT), serotonin(5-HT), GAD(GABA), amyloid-?protein (AP) was conducted 12 weeks after NBM lesioning. Results In NBM lesioned mice, the ChAT-positive neurons, serotonin-positive neurons, and GAD-positive neurons in right NBM reduced, and ChAT-positive neurons reduced most evidently. At the same time, the ChAT-positive fibers in prefrontal and parietal cortices decreased significantly, serotonin-positive axons slightly, accompanied by heavily AP co-expression. On the contrary, there was no change of GAD-positive neurons in cortex. The working memory error increased significantly.Conclusion Ibotenic acid lesioning in NBM can provide as a model of AD in that it produces deafferentation of cholinergic system and recent memory disruption.

Characters of bacterial growth in wound cavity and peripheral tissue in animals with crainocerebral injury under hyperthermia and high-humidity / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:Crainocerebral missile wound (CMW) is the common severe trauma of war. Environmental factor is the important factor that aggravates the development of sickness and threatens the life of the sick and wounded at early stage. The study on basic theory and treatment of CMW under hyperthermia and high-humidity is the major task in military medicine.OBJECTIVE: To observe the characters of bacterial growth in wound cavity and peripheral tissue after CMW in cats under hyperthermia and high-humidity so as to provide the reference data to the tissue repair and its functional recovery in CMW.DESIGN: Randomized controlled experiment.SETTING: Surgery Department of Neurology in Zhujiang Hospital affiliated to Southern Medical University(First Military Medical University).MATERIALS: The experiment was performed in Department of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene in Southern Medical University from April to May 2003. In the experiment, 24 hybrid cats were employed, of clean grade, of either sex, body-weighted (2.5±0.2) kg, provided from Experimental Animal Center of Southern Medical University. The animals were randomized into 4 groups, named the control at common temperature (5 cats), common temperature group (8 cats), hyperthermia and high-humidity group (8 cats) and blank control (3 cats).METHODS: After weighted, the cat was injected abdominally with 30 g/L pentobarbitol sodium solution at 30 mg/kg. After successful establishment of craniocerebral blindgut wound model, in common temperature group, the cats were placed in simulated climatic cabin at 25 ℃ and 50% relevant humidity for 6 hours and in hyperthermia and high-humidity group, the cats were placed in the hyperthermia and high-humidity environment for 6 hours. With biopsy, the fragmented brain tissue in wound tract and the brain tissue on the wall of wound tract far from 0-5 mm and 5-10 mm were collected and preparedinto successively natural solution and homogenate, and counting was done in 24 hours of bacterial culture to calculate bacterial content in wound cavity and peripheral tissue. In blank control, the cats were sacrificed with anesthesia and the material was collected directly, the rest steps were same as the control at common temperature.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Bacterial content in wound cavity and peripheral tissue in each group.RESULTS: Totally 23 animals were employed in outcome analysis. Bacterial contents in same regions were different remarkably in different groups (F=171.423, P=0.000). It was indicated in paired comparison that significant difference happens between the control at common temperature, common temperature group and hyperthermia and high-humidity group and blank control successively (P ＜ 0.01). The difference was not significant in the comparison among the control at common temperature, common temperature group and hyperthermia and high-humidity group (P ＞ 0.05). Bacterial contents at different distances from the wound cavity were different remarkably in each group (F=14.865, P = 0.000).CONCLUSION: Hyperthermia and high-humidity does not impact significantly the bacterial growth of CMW in 6 hours and bacterial reproduction has not entered high-rate increasing stage yet, due to which, it is still safe for debridement repair.

Migration and nerve net building of neural stem cells / 中国组织工程研究

OBJECTIVE: A series of recent studies have demonstrated the mechanism of migration and nerve net of neural stem cells. These theories have further substantiated neural stem cell transplantation. In view of these new findings, this paper reviewed the mode of migration and information of network. The significance of these theories was discussed.DATA SOURCE: We search on Pubmed with the key words "neural stem cell", "migration", and "nerve net", limiting the language to English and publication date from 1970 to 2004. At the same time we searched on CNKI.STUDY SELECTION: We selected the randomized and non-randomized controlled studies related to migration and nerve net building of neural stem cells. Review articles and articles with repetitive studies were excluded.DATA EXTRACTION: Among 39 papers selected, 16 papers concerning the development of this topic were selected, and the others were excluded.DATA SYNTHESIS: For retrograde lesions and severe injury of nervous system, transplantation of nerve stem cells may replace aging degenerative and dead nerve cells and rebuild neural network for the recovery of cerebral function. Migration of nerve cell and network principle can solve the survival, differentiation, migration and creation of nerve network after transplantation of nerve stem cells so as to realize the recovery and reconstruction of cerebral function.CONCLUSION: Neural stem cells can migrate to intended places and can build nerve net under some conditions, which will be useful for medicine deyelopment.